Ísland heldur uppi sumum hæstu landbúnaðartollum innan OECD. Framleiðendastuðningsvísitala OECD (PSE) var um 55–60% af heildartekjum búa 2022–2023 (samanborið við um 18–20% í ESB). Tollvernd á landbúnaðarafurðum er að meðaltali 40–60% og fer yfir 100% á mjólkurvörum. ESB-aðild myndi kalla á algjöra endurskipulagningu stuðningskerfisins.
Enska frumtextinn
Iceland maintains some of the highest agricultural tariffs among OECD countries. The OECD's Producer Support Estimate (PSE) for Iceland was approximately 55–60% of gross farm receipts in 2022–2023, making it one of the highest in the OECD (compared to the EU average of approximately 18–20%). Applied tariff rates on agricultural products average 40–60%, with individual tariffs exceeding 100% on dairy products, meat, and some vegetables. Iceland's agricultural sector received an estimated ISK 20–25 billion annually (approximately EUR 130–160 million) through a combination of direct payments to farmers and border protection. Agriculture accounts for approximately 1% of Iceland's GDP but employs about 2.5–3% of the workforce, with approximately 3,500 farms primarily focused on sheep, dairy, and cattle. EU membership would require dismantling these tariff barriers (as part of the customs union) and replacing Iceland's national support framework with CAP — the fundamental restructuring that has been the primary concern of Bændasamtök Íslands (Icelandic Farmers' Association).
Heimild
OECD — Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2023; Hagstofa Íslands; Bændasamtök Íslands
Efnahags- og framfarastofnunin (OECD) er alþjóðleg stofnun sem greinir efnahagsstefnu og birtir árlegar úttektir á landbúnaðarstefnu aðildarríkja sinna.
Skoða heimild ↗Fyrirvarar
The PSE is a composite measure that includes both direct budget transfers and market price support (the effect of tariffs and quotas). The high Icelandic PSE partly reflects the large gap between Icelandic and world market prices, which is itself partly a function of high production costs in sub-Arctic conditions. EU membership would replace tariff protection with CAP direct payments, which could partially offset the impact — but the net effect on farm incomes is debated.
Notuð í greiningum (1)
Ræða þarf alla kaflana á nýjan leik Morgunblaðið
- Staðfest Styður Meðal varnarlína Íslands í landbúnaðarmálum voru kröfur um að tollvernd yrði haldið áfram.
- Staðfest Styður Ísland þarf að byggja upp bæði nýja landbúnaðarstefnu og nýtt stofnana- og eftirlitskerfi með landbúnaðinum til að uppfylla kröfur ESB.
- Staðfest Styður Ísland vildi fá sérreglur eða aðlögunartíma og viðhalda tollvernd og stuðningskerfum í landbúnaði.