Norway's fishing and aquaculture industry has experienced sustained growth outside the EU. Total Norwegian seafood exports reached a record NOK 175.4 billion (approximately EUR 15.3 billion) in 2024, up from NOK 172 billion in 2023 and NOK 130 billion in 2022, making Norway the world's second-largest seafood exporter after China. Aquaculture (primarily farmed Atlantic salmon) accounts for approximately 70% of export value; wild fisheries the remaining 30%. Norway's wild fish stocks are generally well-managed: Northeast Arctic cod (the largest cod stock in the world) has been sustainably managed through annual bilateral negotiations with Russia (now suspended) and unilateral Norwegian/third-party quotas, with the spawning stock biomass generally above safe biological limits. The Norwegian seafood industry employs approximately 96,000 people total (including approximately 9,500 full-time fishermen), spanning catching, aquaculture, processing, and related services. Norway manages its fisheries through its own quota system, bilateral agreements, and participation in regional fisheries management organisations (NEAFC, ICES). Norway is frequently cited in Iceland's EU debate as evidence that a Nordic country can maintain a successful fishing industry without EU membership.