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ENERGY-DATA-011 Sérfræðigreining Há
Orkumál Efnahagslegt keflavik ets aviation competitive distortion
Iceland negotiated a special adaptation when the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) for aviation was incorporated into the EEA Agreement in 2023, requesting assessment of negative effects on competitive conditions at Keflavík transit airport for air services between Europe and North America. In September 2024, the Draghi Report on EU competitiveness (~400 pages) validated Iceland's position, stating that the aviation ETS 'distorts competitive position of connecting hubs within European Economic Area' and 'can lead to carbon leakage.' The ETS review consultation deadline was set for 8 July 2025. This represents the highest-profile EU economic report of 2024 echoing a specific Icelandic concern about EEA implementation.
Dagsetning 13. september 2024
Síðast staðfest 23. mars 2026
Svið Efnahagslegt
Heimildaflokkur Sérfræðigreining

Heimild

Brussel-vaktin (Sendiráð Íslands í Brussel) — 13. september 2024 og 2. maí 2025

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Fyrirvarar

The Draghi Report's mention of aviation ETS distortion is a general observation about connecting hubs, not specifically about Iceland — but Brussel-vaktin interprets it as validating Iceland's specific concern about Keflavík. The ETS review outcome may or may not address Iceland's competitive concerns. Keflavík's position as a transatlantic hub means this issue is uniquely Icelandic within the EEA context.

Tengdar heimildir (2)

TRADE-DATA-024 Viðskipti

Í skýrslu sinni um samkeppnishæfni Evrópu frá september 2024 greindi Mario Draghi frá verulegum framleiðnimun á milli ESB annars vegar og Bandaríkjanna og Kína hins vegar — landsframleiðsla á mann jókst um 1% hægar á ári í ESB en í Bandaríkjunum síðustu tvo áratugi, orkukostnaður er 2–3-falt hærri en í Bandaríkjunum og ESB þarf um 750–800 milljarða evra í viðbótarfjárfestingu árlega. Draghi varaði við „hægri dauða“ samkeppnishæfninnar ef ekki yrðu gripið til aðgerða.

 EEA-LEGAL-025 EES/ESB-löggjöf

Under the proposed EU Industrial Accelerator Act (March 2026), products from EEA/EFTA states (Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein) and Switzerland may qualify as a 'European preference option' (evrópskur valkostur) in public procurement, on the basis of existing free trade agreements. However, the specific eligibility criteria for EEA/EFTA products will only be clarified in delegated regulations the Commission will draft after the main regulation is adopted. This creates uncertainty about whether EEA membership alone will guarantee equivalent treatment to EU member state products under the new framework.